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📄 __init__.py # Copyright 2016 Google LLC # # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. # You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License. """Cryptography helpers for verifying and signing messages. The simplest way to verify signatures is using :func:`verify_signature`:: cert = open('certs.pem').read() valid = crypt.verify_signature(message, signature, cert) If you're going to verify many messages with the same certificate, you can use :class:`RSAVerifier`:: cert = open('certs.pem').read() verifier = crypt.RSAVerifier.from_string(cert) valid = verifier.verify(message, signature) To sign messages use :class:`RSASigner` with a private key:: private_key = open('private_key.pem').read() signer = crypt.RSASigner.from_string(private_key) signature = signer.sign(message) The code above also works for :class:`ES256Signer` and :class:`ES256Verifier`. Note that these two classes are only available if your `cryptography` dependency version is at least 1.4.0. """ from google.auth.crypt import base from google.auth.crypt import rsa try: from google.auth.crypt import es256 except ImportError: # pragma: NO COVER es256 = None # type: ignore if es256 is not None: # pragma: NO COVER __all__ = [ "ES256Signer", "ES256Verifier", "RSASigner", "RSAVerifier", "Signer", "Verifier", ] else: # pragma: NO COVER __all__ = ["RSASigner", "RSAVerifier", "Signer", "Verifier"] # Aliases to maintain the v1.0.0 interface, as the crypt module was split # into submodules. Signer = base.Signer Verifier = base.Verifier RSASigner = rsa.RSASigner RSAVerifier = rsa.RSAVerifier if es256 is not None: # pragma: NO COVER ES256Signer = es256.ES256Signer ES256Verifier = es256.ES256Verifier def verify_signature(message, signature, certs, verifier_cls=rsa.RSAVerifier): """Verify an RSA or ECDSA cryptographic signature. Checks that the provided ``signature`` was generated from ``bytes`` using the private key associated with the ``cert``. Args: message (Union[str, bytes]): The plaintext message. signature (Union[str, bytes]): The cryptographic signature to check. certs (Union[Sequence, str, bytes]): The certificate or certificates to use to check the signature. verifier_cls (Optional[~google.auth.crypt.base.Signer]): Which verifier class to use for verification. This can be used to select different algorithms, such as RSA or ECDSA. Default value is :class:`RSAVerifier`. Returns: bool: True if the signature is valid, otherwise False. """ if isinstance(certs, (str, bytes)): certs = [certs] for cert in certs: verifier = verifier_cls.from_string(cert) if verifier.verify(message, signature): return True return False	3.25 KB	2025-04-14 17:36
📄 _cryptography_rsa.py # Copyright 2017 Google LLC # # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. # You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License. """RSA verifier and signer that use the ``cryptography`` library. This is a much faster implementation than the default (in ``google.auth.crypt._python_rsa``), which depends on the pure-Python ``rsa`` library. """ import cryptography.exceptions from cryptography.hazmat import backends from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import hashes from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import serialization from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric import padding import cryptography.x509 from google.auth import _helpers from google.auth.crypt import base _CERTIFICATE_MARKER = b"-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----" _BACKEND = backends.default_backend() _PADDING = padding.PKCS1v15() _SHA256 = hashes.SHA256() class RSAVerifier(base.Verifier): """Verifies RSA cryptographic signatures using public keys. Args: public_key ( cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric.rsa.RSAPublicKey): The public key used to verify signatures. """ def __init__(self, public_key): self._pubkey = public_key @_helpers.copy_docstring(base.Verifier) def verify(self, message, signature): message = _helpers.to_bytes(message) try: self._pubkey.verify(signature, message, _PADDING, _SHA256) return True except (ValueError, cryptography.exceptions.InvalidSignature): return False @classmethod def from_string(cls, public_key): """Construct an Verifier instance from a public key or public certificate string. Args: public_key (Union[str, bytes]): The public key in PEM format or the x509 public key certificate. Returns: Verifier: The constructed verifier. Raises: ValueError: If the public key can't be parsed. """ public_key_data = _helpers.to_bytes(public_key) if _CERTIFICATE_MARKER in public_key_data: cert = cryptography.x509.load_pem_x509_certificate( public_key_data, _BACKEND ) pubkey = cert.public_key() else: pubkey = serialization.load_pem_public_key(public_key_data, _BACKEND) return cls(pubkey) class RSASigner(base.Signer, base.FromServiceAccountMixin): """Signs messages with an RSA private key. Args: private_key ( cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric.rsa.RSAPrivateKey): The private key to sign with. key_id (str): Optional key ID used to identify this private key. This can be useful to associate the private key with its associated public key or certificate. """ def __init__(self, private_key, key_id=None): self._key = private_key self._key_id = key_id @property # type: ignore @_helpers.copy_docstring(base.Signer) def key_id(self): return self._key_id @_helpers.copy_docstring(base.Signer) def sign(self, message): message = _helpers.to_bytes(message) return self._key.sign(message, _PADDING, _SHA256) @classmethod def from_string(cls, key, key_id=None): """Construct a RSASigner from a private key in PEM format. Args: key (Union[bytes, str]): Private key in PEM format. key_id (str): An optional key id used to identify the private key. Returns: google.auth.crypt._cryptography_rsa.RSASigner: The constructed signer. Raises: ValueError: If ``key`` is not ``bytes`` or ``str`` (unicode). UnicodeDecodeError: If ``key`` is ``bytes`` but cannot be decoded into a UTF-8 ``str``. ValueError: If ``cryptography`` "Could not deserialize key data." """ key = _helpers.to_bytes(key) private_key = serialization.load_pem_private_key( key, password=None, backend=_BACKEND ) return cls(private_key, key_id=key_id) def __getstate__(self): """Pickle helper that serializes the _key attribute.""" state = self.__dict__.copy() state["_key"] = self._key.private_bytes( encoding=serialization.Encoding.PEM, format=serialization.PrivateFormat.PKCS8, encryption_algorithm=serialization.NoEncryption(), ) return state def __setstate__(self, state): """Pickle helper that deserializes the _key attribute.""" state["_key"] = serialization.load_pem_private_key(state["_key"], None) self.__dict__.update(state)	5.04 KB	2025-04-14 17:36
📄 _helpers.py	0 B	2025-04-14 17:36
📄 _python_rsa.py # Copyright 2016 Google LLC # # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. # You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License. """Pure-Python RSA cryptography implementation. Uses the ``rsa``, ``pyasn1`` and ``pyasn1_modules`` packages to parse PEM files storing PKCS#1 or PKCS#8 keys as well as certificates. There is no support for p12 files. """ from __future__ import absolute_import import io from pyasn1.codec.der import decoder # type: ignore from pyasn1_modules import pem # type: ignore from pyasn1_modules.rfc2459 import Certificate # type: ignore from pyasn1_modules.rfc5208 import PrivateKeyInfo # type: ignore import rsa # type: ignore from google.auth import _helpers from google.auth import exceptions from google.auth.crypt import base _POW2 = (128, 64, 32, 16, 8, 4, 2, 1) _CERTIFICATE_MARKER = b"-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----" _PKCS1_MARKER = ("-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----", "-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----") _PKCS8_MARKER = ("-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----", "-----END PRIVATE KEY-----") _PKCS8_SPEC = PrivateKeyInfo() def _bit_list_to_bytes(bit_list): """Converts an iterable of 1s and 0s to bytes. Combines the list 8 at a time, treating each group of 8 bits as a single byte. Args: bit_list (Sequence): Sequence of 1s and 0s. Returns: bytes: The decoded bytes. """ num_bits = len(bit_list) byte_vals = bytearray() for start in range(0, num_bits, 8): curr_bits = bit_list[start : start + 8] char_val = sum(val * digit for val, digit in zip(_POW2, curr_bits)) byte_vals.append(char_val) return bytes(byte_vals) class RSAVerifier(base.Verifier): """Verifies RSA cryptographic signatures using public keys. Args: public_key (rsa.key.PublicKey): The public key used to verify signatures. """ def __init__(self, public_key): self._pubkey = public_key @_helpers.copy_docstring(base.Verifier) def verify(self, message, signature): message = _helpers.to_bytes(message) try: return rsa.pkcs1.verify(message, signature, self._pubkey) except (ValueError, rsa.pkcs1.VerificationError): return False @classmethod def from_string(cls, public_key): """Construct an Verifier instance from a public key or public certificate string. Args: public_key (Union[str, bytes]): The public key in PEM format or the x509 public key certificate. Returns: google.auth.crypt._python_rsa.RSAVerifier: The constructed verifier. Raises: ValueError: If the public_key can't be parsed. """ public_key = _helpers.to_bytes(public_key) is_x509_cert = _CERTIFICATE_MARKER in public_key # If this is a certificate, extract the public key info. if is_x509_cert: der = rsa.pem.load_pem(public_key, "CERTIFICATE") asn1_cert, remaining = decoder.decode(der, asn1Spec=Certificate()) if remaining != b"": raise exceptions.InvalidValue("Unused bytes", remaining) cert_info = asn1_cert["tbsCertificate"]["subjectPublicKeyInfo"] key_bytes = _bit_list_to_bytes(cert_info["subjectPublicKey"]) pubkey = rsa.PublicKey.load_pkcs1(key_bytes, "DER") else: pubkey = rsa.PublicKey.load_pkcs1(public_key, "PEM") return cls(pubkey) class RSASigner(base.Signer, base.FromServiceAccountMixin): """Signs messages with an RSA private key. Args: private_key (rsa.key.PrivateKey): The private key to sign with. key_id (str): Optional key ID used to identify this private key. This can be useful to associate the private key with its associated public key or certificate. """ def __init__(self, private_key, key_id=None): self._key = private_key self._key_id = key_id @property # type: ignore @_helpers.copy_docstring(base.Signer) def key_id(self): return self._key_id @_helpers.copy_docstring(base.Signer) def sign(self, message): message = _helpers.to_bytes(message) return rsa.pkcs1.sign(message, self._key, "SHA-256") @classmethod def from_string(cls, key, key_id=None): """Construct an Signer instance from a private key in PEM format. Args: key (str): Private key in PEM format. key_id (str): An optional key id used to identify the private key. Returns: google.auth.crypt.Signer: The constructed signer. Raises: ValueError: If the key cannot be parsed as PKCS#1 or PKCS#8 in PEM format. """ key = _helpers.from_bytes(key) # PEM expects str in Python 3 marker_id, key_bytes = pem.readPemBlocksFromFile( io.StringIO(key), _PKCS1_MARKER, _PKCS8_MARKER ) # Key is in pkcs1 format. if marker_id == 0: private_key = rsa.key.PrivateKey.load_pkcs1(key_bytes, format="DER") # Key is in pkcs8. elif marker_id == 1: key_info, remaining = decoder.decode(key_bytes, asn1Spec=_PKCS8_SPEC) if remaining != b"": raise exceptions.InvalidValue("Unused bytes", remaining) private_key_info = key_info.getComponentByName("privateKey") private_key = rsa.key.PrivateKey.load_pkcs1( private_key_info.asOctets(), format="DER" ) else: raise exceptions.MalformedError("No key could be detected.") return cls(private_key, key_id=key_id)	5.98 KB	2025-04-14 17:36
📄 base.py # Copyright 2016 Google LLC # # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. # You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License. """Base classes for cryptographic signers and verifiers.""" import abc import io import json from google.auth import exceptions _JSON_FILE_PRIVATE_KEY = "private_key" _JSON_FILE_PRIVATE_KEY_ID = "private_key_id" class Verifier(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta): """Abstract base class for crytographic signature verifiers.""" @abc.abstractmethod def verify(self, message, signature): """Verifies a message against a cryptographic signature. Args: message (Union[str, bytes]): The message to verify. signature (Union[str, bytes]): The cryptography signature to check. Returns: bool: True if message was signed by the private key associated with the public key that this object was constructed with. """ # pylint: disable=missing-raises-doc,redundant-returns-doc # (pylint doesn't recognize that this is abstract) raise NotImplementedError("Verify must be implemented") class Signer(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta): """Abstract base class for cryptographic signers.""" @abc.abstractproperty def key_id(self): """Optional[str]: The key ID used to identify this private key.""" raise NotImplementedError("Key id must be implemented") @abc.abstractmethod def sign(self, message): """Signs a message. Args: message (Union[str, bytes]): The message to be signed. Returns: bytes: The signature of the message. """ # pylint: disable=missing-raises-doc,redundant-returns-doc # (pylint doesn't recognize that this is abstract) raise NotImplementedError("Sign must be implemented") class FromServiceAccountMixin(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta): """Mix-in to enable factory constructors for a Signer.""" @abc.abstractmethod def from_string(cls, key, key_id=None): """Construct an Signer instance from a private key string. Args: key (str): Private key as a string. key_id (str): An optional key id used to identify the private key. Returns: google.auth.crypt.Signer: The constructed signer. Raises: ValueError: If the key cannot be parsed. """ raise NotImplementedError("from_string must be implemented") @classmethod def from_service_account_info(cls, info): """Creates a Signer instance instance from a dictionary containing service account info in Google format. Args: info (Mapping[str, str]): The service account info in Google format. Returns: google.auth.crypt.Signer: The constructed signer. Raises: ValueError: If the info is not in the expected format. """ if _JSON_FILE_PRIVATE_KEY not in info: raise exceptions.MalformedError( "The private_key field was not found in the service account " "info." ) return cls.from_string( info[_JSON_FILE_PRIVATE_KEY], info.get(_JSON_FILE_PRIVATE_KEY_ID) ) @classmethod def from_service_account_file(cls, filename): """Creates a Signer instance from a service account .json file in Google format. Args: filename (str): The path to the service account .json file. Returns: google.auth.crypt.Signer: The constructed signer. """ with io.open(filename, "r", encoding="utf-8") as json_file: data = json.load(json_file) return cls.from_service_account_info(data)	4.09 KB	2025-04-14 17:36
📄 es256.py # Copyright 2017 Google Inc. # # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. # You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License. """ECDSA (ES256) verifier and signer that use the ``cryptography`` library. """ from cryptography import utils # type: ignore import cryptography.exceptions from cryptography.hazmat import backends from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import hashes from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import serialization from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric import ec from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric import padding from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric.utils import decode_dss_signature from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric.utils import encode_dss_signature import cryptography.x509 from google.auth import _helpers from google.auth.crypt import base _CERTIFICATE_MARKER = b"-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----" _BACKEND = backends.default_backend() _PADDING = padding.PKCS1v15() class ES256Verifier(base.Verifier): """Verifies ECDSA cryptographic signatures using public keys. Args: public_key ( cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric.ec.ECDSAPublicKey): The public key used to verify signatures. """ def __init__(self, public_key): self._pubkey = public_key @_helpers.copy_docstring(base.Verifier) def verify(self, message, signature): # First convert (r\|\|s) raw signature to ASN1 encoded signature. sig_bytes = _helpers.to_bytes(signature) if len(sig_bytes) != 64: return False r = ( int.from_bytes(sig_bytes[:32], byteorder="big") if _helpers.is_python_3() else utils.int_from_bytes(sig_bytes[:32], byteorder="big") ) s = ( int.from_bytes(sig_bytes[32:], byteorder="big") if _helpers.is_python_3() else utils.int_from_bytes(sig_bytes[32:], byteorder="big") ) asn1_sig = encode_dss_signature(r, s) message = _helpers.to_bytes(message) try: self._pubkey.verify(asn1_sig, message, ec.ECDSA(hashes.SHA256())) return True except (ValueError, cryptography.exceptions.InvalidSignature): return False @classmethod def from_string(cls, public_key): """Construct an Verifier instance from a public key or public certificate string. Args: public_key (Union[str, bytes]): The public key in PEM format or the x509 public key certificate. Returns: Verifier: The constructed verifier. Raises: ValueError: If the public key can't be parsed. """ public_key_data = _helpers.to_bytes(public_key) if _CERTIFICATE_MARKER in public_key_data: cert = cryptography.x509.load_pem_x509_certificate( public_key_data, _BACKEND ) pubkey = cert.public_key() else: pubkey = serialization.load_pem_public_key(public_key_data, _BACKEND) return cls(pubkey) class ES256Signer(base.Signer, base.FromServiceAccountMixin): """Signs messages with an ECDSA private key. Args: private_key ( cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric.ec.ECDSAPrivateKey): The private key to sign with. key_id (str): Optional key ID used to identify this private key. This can be useful to associate the private key with its associated public key or certificate. """ def __init__(self, private_key, key_id=None): self._key = private_key self._key_id = key_id @property # type: ignore @_helpers.copy_docstring(base.Signer) def key_id(self): return self._key_id @_helpers.copy_docstring(base.Signer) def sign(self, message): message = _helpers.to_bytes(message) asn1_signature = self._key.sign(message, ec.ECDSA(hashes.SHA256())) # Convert ASN1 encoded signature to (r\|\|s) raw signature. (r, s) = decode_dss_signature(asn1_signature) return ( (r.to_bytes(32, byteorder="big") + s.to_bytes(32, byteorder="big")) if _helpers.is_python_3() else (utils.int_to_bytes(r, 32) + utils.int_to_bytes(s, 32)) ) @classmethod def from_string(cls, key, key_id=None): """Construct a RSASigner from a private key in PEM format. Args: key (Union[bytes, str]): Private key in PEM format. key_id (str): An optional key id used to identify the private key. Returns: google.auth.crypt._cryptography_rsa.RSASigner: The constructed signer. Raises: ValueError: If ``key`` is not ``bytes`` or ``str`` (unicode). UnicodeDecodeError: If ``key`` is ``bytes`` but cannot be decoded into a UTF-8 ``str``. ValueError: If ``cryptography`` "Could not deserialize key data." """ key = _helpers.to_bytes(key) private_key = serialization.load_pem_private_key( key, password=None, backend=_BACKEND ) return cls(private_key, key_id=key_id) def __getstate__(self): """Pickle helper that serializes the _key attribute.""" state = self.__dict__.copy() state["_key"] = self._key.private_bytes( encoding=serialization.Encoding.PEM, format=serialization.PrivateFormat.PKCS8, encryption_algorithm=serialization.NoEncryption(), ) return state def __setstate__(self, state): """Pickle helper that deserializes the _key attribute.""" state["_key"] = serialization.load_pem_private_key(state["_key"], None) self.__dict__.update(state)	6.1 KB	2025-04-14 17:36
📄 rsa.py # Copyright 2017 Google LLC # # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. # You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License. """RSA cryptography signer and verifier.""" try: # Prefer cryptograph-based RSA implementation. from google.auth.crypt import _cryptography_rsa RSASigner = _cryptography_rsa.RSASigner RSAVerifier = _cryptography_rsa.RSAVerifier except ImportError: # pragma: NO COVER # Fallback to pure-python RSA implementation if cryptography is # unavailable. from google.auth.crypt import _python_rsa RSASigner = _python_rsa.RSASigner # type: ignore RSAVerifier = _python_rsa.RSAVerifier # type: ignore	1.08 KB	2025-04-14 17:36

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